1. **Physical Appearance**: Check for any unusual signs on their body, including:
- **Quills**: Ensure quills are clean and not falling out excessively. A few quills lost during shedding is normal, but bald patches can indicate stress or health issues.
- **Skin**: Look for any redness, swelling, or lesions. Healthy skin should be soft and free from irritation.
- **Eyes and Nose**: Their eyes should be bright and clear, without discharge. The nose should be moist but not runny.
2. **Weight and Body Condition**: Regularly weigh your hedgehog to monitor their health. A healthy weight varies by breed, but a sudden weight loss or gain can be a sign of illness. Gently feel their body; they should have a slight layer of fat but not be overly chubby or bony.
3. **Behavior**: Observe their behavior for any changes. A healthy hedgehog is typically active, curious, and engages with their environment. If your hedgehog is lethargic, hiding excessively, or showing signs of aggression, it may indicate stress or illness.
4. **Eating and Drinking Habits**: Monitor their food intake. A healthy hedgehog should have a consistent appetite. If they are not eating or drinking as usual, it could be a sign of health issues.
5. **Grooming**: Hedgehogs groom themselves, but you can help by providing a clean environment. If you notice a lot of dirt or debris in their quills, a gentle bath may be necessary. Use a shallow dish of warm water and ensure they are completely dry afterward.
6. **Behavioral Changes**: Any sudden changes in behavior, such as increased hiding, aggression, or vocalizations, should be taken seriously. These could indicate stress, illness, or discomfort.
By regularly inspecting your hedgehog and being attentive to these areas, you can help ensure they remain healthy and happy. If you notice any concerning signs, it's best to consult with a veterinarian who specializes in exotic pets for further evaluation and care.
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